Социальная политика и социальная справедливость в условиях старения населения Систематический обзор публикаций
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2022-1-124-138Ключевые слова:
cтарение населения, социальная политика, пенсионная реформа, межпоколенческий конфликт, социальная справедливостьАннотация
Данное исследование представляет собой систематический анализ современной дискуссии в ведущих англоязычных журналах о будущем социальной политики в стареющем обществе. Пенсионные системы были реформированы в большинстве европейских стран за последние десятилетия, но существуют типы реформ, которые могут переложить бремя старения населения на другие поколения. Если выгоды и издержки этих реформ по-разному повлияют на восприятие поколениями социальной политики, то пенсионная реформа может быть использована как инструмент для улучшения не только государственных финансов, но и солидарности между поколениями. В данном исследовании изучалась связь между различными типами пенсионных реформ и социальной справедливостью. Одна из основных задач заключалась в том, чтобы понять, могут ли изменения в социальной политике усиливать или смягчать конфликты между поколениями. Результаты показали, что поддержка социальной политики, которая в основном направлена на пожилых людей, снизилась в большинстве европейских стран, хотя абсолютное большинство людей уверены, что государство должно обеспечивать разумный уровень жизни для пожилых людей. Поддержка пожилых людей в большей степени снизилась в странах, которые повысили пенсионный возраст и ввели многоуровневые пенсии. В то же время хорошо работающий договор о благосостоянии поколений - это не только обеспечение благосостояния пожилых людей. Это еще и предпочтения в отношении политики, поддерживающей работающее население и тех, кто еще не достиг трудоспособного возраста. Изменение баланса договора о благосостоянии поколений может обеспечить прочную основу для адекватной пенсионной политики.Скачивания
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