Трансформация государственного управления в контексте устойчивого развития на основе исследований в социальных нейронауках. (Часть 1)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2022-4-79-98Ключевые слова:
государственное управление, мозг, моральные эмоции, нейробиологическая реакция, нейронаучный метод, нейропластичность, нейроэкономика, социальные болезни, социальные нейронауки, эмпатическая реакцияАннотация
В статье предлагается новой подход к государственному управлению и социальному устройству с привлечением нейронаучного метода социальных нейронаук. Глобальный рост социальных конфликтов, самоубийств, насилия и нервно-психических нарушений подтверждает несостоятельность существующих социальных систем и государственного управления. Результаты исследований в социальных нейронауках показывают ошибочность многих теоретических положений, на основе которых строится практика управления государством. Преимущество нейронаучного метода социальных нейронаук заключается в том, что он дает эмпирическую проверку теоретическим положениям; ориентирован на человека, так как изучает нейробиологическую реакцию человека в разных сферах социальной жизни; показывает истинное отношение человека к ситуации до его сознательного контроля; демонстрирует, как общественное устройство влияет на мозг, нервно-психическое состояние человека, поведение и здоровье в целом. Существует необходимость трансформации государственного управления, и для этого потребуется специальная программа исследований взаимосвязи между закономерностями мышления, нейробиологической реакцией мозга и социальными проблемами, что поможет определить параметры организации общества, при которых головной мозг и мышление человека будут функционировать в оптимальном режиме. Сохранение здорового мозга и развитие умственных способностей людей - это главная задача государственного управления, потому что именно от интеллектуальной способности населения зависит успех государства во всех областях.Скачивания
Библиографические ссылки
Бехтерева Н. П. Магия мозга и лабиринты жизни. М.: Сова, 2008.
Кудрявцева Н. Тревога как социальная болезнь // Химия и жизнь - ХХI век. 2004. № 11. С. 10-15.
Кудрявцева Н. Н., Августинович Д. Ф. Молекулярные механизмы социального поведения: комментарии к статье Berton et al., Science, 2006 // Нейронауки. 2006. № 4 (6). С. 33-35.
Adolphs R. Social Cognition and Human Brain. Review // Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 1999. Vol. 3. N 12. P. 469-479.
Akitsuki Y., Decety J. Social Context and Perceived Agency Affects Empathy for Pain: An Eventrelated fMRI Investigation // NeuroImage. 2009. N 47. P. 722-734.
Aharon I., Etcoff N., Ariely D., Chabris C. F. at al. Beautiful Faces Have Variable Reward Value: fMRI and Behavioral Evidence // Neuron. 2001. N 32 (3). P. 537-551.
Bechara A. The Role of Emotion in Decision-making: Evidence from Neurological Patients with Orbitofrontal Damage // Brain and Cognition. 2004. N 55. P. 30-40.
Berkman E., Lieberman M. Using Neuroscience to Broaden Emotion Regulation: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations // Social and Personality Psychology Compass. 2009. N 3 (4). P. 475-493.
Breiter H. C., Aharon I., Kahneman D., Dale A. at al. Functional Imaging of Neural Responses to Expectancy and Experience of Monetary Gains and Losses // Neuron. 2001. N 30 (2). P. 619-39.
Brody D.J., Gu Q. Antidepressant Use Among Adults: United States, 2015-2018 // NCHS Data Brief. 2020. Sep (377). P. 1-8.
Camerer C., Loewenstein G., Prelec D. Neuroeconomics: How Neuroscience Can Inform Economics // Journal of Economic Literature. 2005. Vol. XLIII. P. 9-64.
Carr R. Neurotransmitters, Neuromodulators and Hormones: Putting It All Together // eds. N. Hass- Cohen, R. Carr /Art Therapy and Clinical Neuroscience. London and Philadelphia. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 2008. P. 76-91.
Catterall J. S., Chapleau R., Iwanaga J. Involvement in the Arts and Human Development: Extending an Analysis of General Associations and Introducing the Special Cases of Intensive Involvement in Music and Theatre Arts // ed. E. B. Fiske /Champions of Change: The Impact of the Arts on Learning. Washington, DC. Arts Education Partnership and the President's Committee on the Arts and Humanities. 1998. P. 1-18.
Chang S.-S., Stuckler D., Yip P., Gunnell D. Impact of 2008 Global Economic Crisis on Suicide: Time Trend Study in 54 Countries // BMJ. 2013. Sep 17. P. 1-15.
Chayer C., Freeman M. Frontal Lobe Functions // Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. 2001. N I. P. 547-552.
Chorvat T., McCabe K., Smith V. Law and Neuroeconomics // George Mason University, School of Law, Law and Economics working paper series, Social Science Research Network Electronic Paper Collection. 2004.
Christian D. The Cortex: Regulation of Sensory and Emotional Experience // eds. N. Hass- Cohen, R. Carr /Art Therapy and Clinical Neuroscience. London and Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2008. P. 62-75.
Craske M., Stein M., Eley T. et al. Anxiety Disorders // Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2017. N 3. No of the article 17024 (2017).
Damasio A. Descartes' Error. Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. London: Vintage Books, 2006.
De Vignemont F., Frith U. Autism, Morality and Empathy // (ed.) W. Sinnott-Armstrong /Moral Psychology, the Neuroscience of Morality: Emotion, Brain Disorders, and Development. Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2008. Vol. 3. P. 273-280.
Decety J., Michalska K., Akitsuki Y., Lahey B. Atypical Emphatic Reponses in Adolescents with Aggressive Conduct Disorder: A Functional MRI Investigation // Biological Psychology. 2009. N 80. P. 203-211.
Eisenberger N., Taylor S., Gable S., Hilmert C. at al. Neural Pathways Link Social Support to Attenuated Neuroendocrine Stress Responses // NeuroImage. 2007. N 35. P. 1601-1612.
Elzinga B. M., Roelofs K. Cortisol-induced Impairments of Working Memory Require Acute Sympathetic Activation // Behavioral Neuroscience. 2005. N 119 (1). P. 98-103.
Frith C. D., Frith U. Interacting Minds: A Biological Basis // Science. 1999. Vol. 286. N 5445. P. 1692-1695.
Galbraith A., Subrin R., Ross D. Alzheimer's Disease: Art, Creativity and the Brain // eds. N. Hass- Cohen, R. Carr /Art Therapy and Clinical Neuroscience. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2008. P. 254-269.
Gallese V., Goldman A. Mirror Neurons and the Simulation Theory of Mind-Reading // Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 1998. N 2 (12). P. 493-501.
Greene J. The Secret Joke of Kant's Soul // (ed.) W. Sinnott-Armstrong /Moral Psychology, the Neuroscience of Morality: Emotion, Brain Disorders, and Development. Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2008. Vol. 3. P. 35-79.
Goldberg E. The Wisdom Paradox: How Your Mind Can Grow Stronger as Your Brain Grows Older? New York: Gothman Books, 2005.
Gustavsson A., Svensson M., Jacobi F., Allgulander C. at al. Cost of Disorders of the Brain in Europe 2010 // European Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011. N 21 (10). P. 718-779.
Harrison N., Singer T., Rotshtein P., Dolan R. at al. Pupillary Contagion: Central Mechanisms Engaged in Sadness Processing // SCAN. 2006. N 1. P. 5-7.
Hegtvedt K. A., Killian C. Fairness and Emotions: Reaction to the Process and Outcomes of Negotiations // Social Forces. 1999. N 78. P. 269-303.
Hein G., Singer T. I Feel How You Feel But Not Always: the Empathic Brain and Its Modulation // Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 2008. N 18. P. 153-158.
Horner P. J., Gage F. H. Regeneration in the Adult and Ageing Brain // Archives of Neurology. 2002. N 59. P. 1717-1720.
Knutson B., Wimmer G. E., Kuhnen C. M., Winkielman P. Nucleus Accumbens Activation Mediates the Influence of Reward Cues on Financial Risk Taking // NeuroReport. 2008. N 19. P. 509-513.
Knutson B., Bossaerts P. Neural Antecedents of Financial Decisions // The Journal of Neuroscience. 2007. N 27 (31). P. 8174-8177.
Kozorovitskiy Y., Gould E. Adult Neurogenesis: A Mechanism for Brain Repair? // Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2003. N 25. P. 721-732.
Lamm C., Batson C. D., Decety J. The Neural Substrate of Human Empathy: Effects of Perspectivetaking and Cognitive Appraisal // Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2007. N 19 (1). P. 42-58.
Lepore S. J., Allen K. A., Evans G. W. Social Support Lowers Cardiovascular Reactivity to an Acute Stressor // Psychosomatic Medicine. 1993. N 55. P. 518-524.
Lieberman M. Social Cognitive Neuroscience: A Review of Core Processes // The Annual Review of Psychology. 2007. N 58. P. 259-289.
Lieberman M. D., Gaunt R., Gilbert D. T., Trope Y. Reflection and Reflexion: a Social Cognitive Neuroscience Approach to Attributional Inference // Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. 2002. N 34. P. 199-249.
Lieberman M., Eisenberger N. Conflict and Habit: A Social Cognitive Neuroscience Approach to the Self // eds. A. Tesser, J. V. Wood, D. A. Stapel /On Building, Defending and regulating the Self: A Psychological Perspective. New York: Psychology Press, 2004. P. 77-102.
Lieberman M. D., Schreiber D., Ochsner K. Is Political Cognition Like Riding a Bicycle? How Cognitive Neuroscience Can Inform Research on Political Thinking // Political Psychology. 2003. Vol. 24. N 4. P. 681-704.
Moll J., Zahn R., De Oliveira-Souza R., Krueger F. at al. The Neural Basis of Human Moral Cognition // Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2005. Vol. 6. P. 799-809.
Moll J., De Oliveira-Souza R., Zahn R., Grafman J. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Moral Emotions // ed. W. Sinnott-Armstrong /Moral Psychology, the Neuroscience of Morality: Emotion, Brain Disorders, and Development. Massachusetts. MIT Press. 2008. Vol. 3. P. 1-17.
Moll J., de Oliveira-Souza R., Eslinger P. J. Morals and the Human Brain: a Working Model // Neuroreport. 2003. N 14. P. 299-305.
Nichols S., Folds-Bennett T. Are Children Moral Objectivists? Children's Judgments about Moral and Response-dependent Properties // Cognition. 2003. N 90 (2). P. B23-32.
Petrovic P., Kalso E., Petersson K. M., Ingvar M. Placebo and Opioid Analgesia - Imaging a Shared Neuronal Network // Science. 2002. N 295. P. 1737-1740.
Petrovic P., Dietrich T., Fransson P., Andersson J. at al. Placebo in Emotional Processing - induced Expectations of Anxiety Relief Activate a Generalized Modulatory Network // Neuron. 2005. N 46. P. 957-969.
Petrovic P., Kalisch R., Singer T., Dolan R. Oxytocin Attenuates Affective Evaluations of Conditioned Faces and Amygdala Activity // The Journal of Neuroscience. 2008. N 28(26)/ P. 6607-6615.
Pfaff D. The Neuroscience of Fair Play. Why We (Usually) Follow the Golden Rule. New York, Washington: Dana Press, 2007.
Sanfey A., Cohen J. Is Knowing Always Feeling? // PNAS. 2004. Vol. 101. N 48. P. 16709-16710.
Sapolsky R. Stressed-out Memories: A Little Stress Sharpens Memory. But After Prolonged Stress, the Mental Picture Isn't Pretty // Scientific American Mind. 2004. N 14 (5). P. 28-34.
Selye H. The Stress of Life. McGraw-Hill Education, 1978.
Singer T., Seymour B., O'Doherty J., Stephan K. at al. Empathy Neural Responses Are Modulated by the Perceived Fairness of Others // Nature. 2006. Vol. 439. P. 466-469.
Singer T., Lamm C. The Social Neuroscience of Empathy // The Year in Cognitive Neuroscience 2009, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2009. N 1156. P. 81-96.
Singer T., Steinbeis N. Differential Roles of Fairness - and Compassion-Based Motivations for Cooperation, Defection, and Punishment // Values, Empathy, and Fairness Across Social Barriers, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2009. N 1167. P. 41-50.
Snowdon D. Aging with Grace? New York: Bantam Books, 2001.
Stout L. A. Taking Conscience Seriously // (ed.) P. J. Zak /Moral Markets. The Critical Role of Values in the Economy. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2008. P. 157- 172.
Tabibnia G., Lieberman M. Fairness and Cooperation are Rewarding. Evidence from Social Cognitive Neuroscience // Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2007. N 1118. P. 90- 101.
Tancredi L. Hardwired Behavior: What Neuroscience Reveals about Morality. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Turner R., Whitehead C. How Collective Representations Can Change the Structure of the Brain // Journal of Consciousness Studies. 2008. N 15 (10-11). P. 43-57.
Vance R., Wahlin K. Memory and Art // eds. N. Hass-Cohen and R. Carr /Art Therapy and Clinical Neuroscience // London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2008. P. 159-173.
Wittchen HU., Jacobi F., Rehm J., Gustavsson A. et al. The Size and Burden of Mental Disorders and Other Disorders of the Brain in Europe 2010 // European Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011. Sep. 21 (9). P. 655-79.
Yu O.-C., Jung B., Go H., Park M. at al. Association Between Dementia and Depression: a Retrospective Study Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort Database // BMJ Open. 2020. 5 October.
Zimbardo P., Maslach C., Haney C. Reflections on the Stanford Prison Experiment: Genesis, Transformation, Consequences // ed. T. Blass / Obedience to Authority: Current Perspectives on the Milgram Paradigm. 2000. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. P. 193-237.